Race to save rare Malay manuscripts

Race to save rare Malay manuscripts

The Star – 6 Oct 2026, pg. 2-3 (Metro)

THE first thing that hits you upon arriving at the 11th floor of the National Library of Malaysia (PNM) in Jalan Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur, is the cold. It is no accident. This is the National Centre for Malay Manuscripts, where the temperature is kept between 15.5°C and 20°C, and humidity at 45% to 50%. These strictly controlled conditions ensure pages that have survived for centuries do not crumble over time. For the centre’s assistant director Abdul Rahman Mohamed Shariff, the chilly environment is the primary line of defence against a host of threats. Asked what poses the greatest danger to these delicate records, he points straight to dampness.

“Moisture is one of the main enemies of manuscripts,” he said. “If the surroundings are too damp, it can encourage mould and create conditions that attract pests. Termites and silverfish are among the most destructive. They feed on paper, and their presence may not be noticed until parts of a manuscript have already been lost.”

Heat, humidity, light, insects and improper handling can all shorten the lifespan of a document that has weathered over the centuries. This is why indoor conditions must remain strictly controlled, rather than fluctuating with the weather outside.

“The temperature is not kept low for our comfort. It is maintained for the manuscripts. Once the paper, ink, or binding deteriorates, it may not be possible to restore it to its original condition," Abdul Rahman said.